Introduction: Why Most FOI Requests Fail (FOI Request Mistakes)
The Freedom of Information (FOI) Act serves as a crucial transparency tool, yet government agencies reject approximately 60% of requests due to preventable errors. Journalists, researchers and engaged citizens can significantly improve their approval rates by avoiding these seven common pitfalls.
Mistake #1: Contacting the Wrong Government Agency
The Problem: Agencies automatically reject misdirected requests.
The Solution:
- Research which department maintains your desired records
- Example: Request teacher salary data from the Ministry of Education rather than Finance
- Verify jurisdiction boundaries for local vs federal requests
Resource: Official FOI Request Guidelines
Mistake #2: Submitting Overly Broad Requests
The Problem: Requests like “All documents about healthcare spending” get denied.
Professional Solution:
“I request the finalized 2024 budget for Lagos State primary healthcare centers, including equipment purchase contracts between January-March 2024.”
Pro Technique: Apply the SMART criteria – Specific, Measurable, Actionable, Relevant, Time-bound.
Mistake #3: Informal Submission Methods
The Problem: Verbal requests or casual emails lack legal standing.
Correct Approach:
- Use formal letter format with your contact information
- Include specific subject line: “FOI Request: 2024 Road Construction Contracts”
- Cite the relevant FOI legislation
- Reference the mandated response timeline
Mistake #4: Failing to Document Submission
The Problem: No paper trail prevents appeals.
Best Practices:
- Certified mail with return receipt
- Email read receipts
- Detailed submission log (date/time/recipient)
Legal Protection: Courts require proof of submission for appeals.
Mistake #5: Not Challenging Improper Denials
The Problem: Most applicants accept first rejections.
Appeal Process:
- Formal follow-up citing FOI Act provisions
- Request internal review within 30 days
- Escalate to ombudsman or court if needed
Mistake #6: Ignoring Legal Exemptions
The Problem: Not all information is disclosable.
Key Exemptions:
- National security matters
- Active law enforcement cases
- Personal privacy protections
Solution: Request the specific exemption clause cited.
Mistake #7: Missing Appeal Deadlines
Critical Timeline:
- Most jurisdictions allow 30 days for appeals
- Calendar reminders are essential
- Use registered mail for documentation
FOI Request FAQ Section
How long do agencies have to respond?
Typically 7-14 working days, extendable for complex requests.
Can I access government officials’ emails?
Yes, unless containing exempt personal/classified content.
Key Actionable Takeaways
- Target the precise records-holding department
- Craft specific, professional requests
- Maintain meticulous submission records
- Persist through proper appeal channels
Discussion Prompt: What challenges have you faced with FOI requests? Share your experiences below.
